Nutritional Requirements

Master answer

MACRONUTRIENTS

CHNOPS (carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and sulphur)

Provide bulk energy

• Carbohydrates: compounds made up of types of sugar.
  • monosaccharides (such as glucose and fructose)
  • disaccharides (such as sucrose and lactose)
  • oligosaccharides
  • polysaccharides (such as starch, glycogen, and cellulose).
• Proteins: are organic compounds that consist of amino acids joined by peptide bonds.
  • Essential (cannot be manufactured in the body: phenylalanine, valine, threonine, tryptophan, methionine, leucine, isoleucine, lysine, and histidine) and non-essential
• Fats: glycerin molecule with three fatty acids attached.
  • Essential (alpha-linolenic acid (ω-3) and linoleic acid (ω -6)) and non-essential
  • Saturated and Unsaturated

MICRONUTRIENTS

Support metabolism

• Dietary minerals:  exogenous chemical elements indispensable for life
• Vitamins: organic molecules essential for an organism that are not classified as amino acids or fatty acids. They commonly function as enzymatic cofactors, metabolic regulators, or antioxidants.

Suggested daily nutritional requirements in humans

Please include common sources of specific nutrients – This is best done based on individual candidate’s method of presentation

JC 2020

Answer by JC